trolley valve or johnson bar

trolley valve or johnson bar

Automatic. This is an example of Those that do not have spring brakes have emergency brakes, which work from the air stored in the trailer air tank. Privacy | There may be a lever rather than a knob. The trolley valve, or trailer hand valve or Johnson bar, operates the trailer brakes on a combination vehicle. The foot brake sends air to all the brakes on the vehicle (including the trailer (s). CDL Grad, No Experience Impractical Jokers Q Hits the Brakes (Punishment) | truTV, What Is A Trolly Brake? Job Listing Rules, I have a 2019 567 Pete. Emergency Air Line. The idea came from years of dreaming . Established in 2022. If you do, the brakes may not work correctly. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. The trailer hand valve (also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar) works the trailer brakes. EXPLANATION: Explanation The trailer hand valve, also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar, is used to work the trailer brakes. The trailer hand valve, also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar, works the trailer brakes. Absolutely love this restaurant! Sat 10:00 am12:00 am Total violations: 3. Before backing the tractor under the trailer. Movement of the handle disengages each brake. Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *. Your emergency air line breaks or gets pulled apart while you are driving. The tabulated data were collected for this reaction: 2NO2(g)+F2(g)2NO2F(g)2 \mathrm{NO}_{2}(g)+\mathrm{F}_{2}(g) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{NO}_{2} \mathrm{F}(g)2NO2(g)+F2(g)2NO2F(g), [NO2][F2](M)InitialRate(M/s)0.1000.1000.0260.2000.1000.0510.2000.2000.1030.4000.4000.411\begin{matrix} \ {[NO_2]} & \ {[F_2] (M)} & \text{Initial Rate (M/s)}\\ \text{0.100} & \text{0.100} & \text{0.026}\\ \text{0.200} & \text{0.100} & \text{0.051}\\ \text{0.200} & \text{0.200} & \text{0.103}\\ \text{0.400} & \text{0.400} & \text{0.411}\\ \end{matrix} Why do you need a proportioning valve for panic braking? Depending on how hard you press the foot brake or hand valve, the pressure in the service line will similarly change. Trust The Answer, What Word Rhymes With Greedy? Your email address will not be published. If your going, Why should you not use the trailer hand brake to straighten out. It should be used only to test the brakes. Hence the term originally was jouncin bar which over the years morphed into Johnson bar. The trailer hand valve (also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar) works the trailer brakes. 2. lug nuts The trolley valve should only be used when testing the tailor brakes, and should never be used while driving. The valve will pop out (thus closing the tractor protection valve) when the air pressure drops into the range of 20 to 45 psi. 3 Years These valves permit closing the air lines off when another trailer is not being towed. CORRECT ANSWER: Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It is unfortunate. If you use the trailer hand brake while driving, you can cause the tailor to skid. 2 Years Each company we work with has specific experience requirements for their drivers. Our expediting crew commented on how well crated and tagged the shipment was, Thank you. trolley valve or johnson bar: tramvay valfi veya johnson bar: trolley valve or johnson bar terimi iin benzer kelimeler ve anlamlar: andrew johnson: andrew johnson: dubin johnson syndrome: dubin johnson sendromu: johnson: johnson: johnson city: johnson city: johnson grass: johnson imen: johnson, andrew: johnson, andrew: johnson, james . +15 Marketing Blog Post Ideas And Topics For You, Images related to the topictrolley brake options. zenix, Jan 2, 2008 The trailer hand valve (also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar) works the trailer brakes. Well i guess this reneck need to get with the times too--i was taught that is was "trailer brakes". 1. hang it with the plug up. 1. make sure the trailer has enough of an air supply for its brakes to hold. I only know it as a trolley valve. Ive been in this business for over 31 years and without question Troy Valve is one of the Manufacturers I can always count on. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. The air at supply pressure in each actuators spring chamber is automatically ported to a lower pressure through the valve when a system failure occurs and prior to brake application to insure fast response time of the spring actuated brake. The trailer hand valve (also referred to as the trolley valve or Johnson bar) is a mechanism that works the trailer brakes. Make sure that the ________ are locked in place and free of damage or air leaks |. Food and wine delicious as always. 2. get away from your vehicle and call 911 or the posted emergency number. If it goes low enough, the trailer emergency brakes will come on. Clean the couplers and rubber seals before a connection is made. The trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes. D. the Doppler effect. The foot brake sends air to all of the brakes on the vehicle including the trailers. I would like to say that when we need a mud valve, extension couplings, or slide brackets, Troy is the first choice, not just because of the quality of the product but because of the customer service! However, in the rare case that there is a problem the communication is always excellent and any problems get resolved in the best way possible. Press the yellow button labeled Parking while your foot is on the brake pedal. Total violations: 2. Use lowest reverse gear. Do not use it in driving because of the danger of making the trailer skid. The automatic types are available with electric heating devices. They provide the air pressure used to operate trailer brakes. Truck drivers call the lever control for air-operated trailer brakes Johnson bars. EXPLANATION: If your tanks have automatic drains, they will keep most moisture out. 2. hang it with the plug down. When connecting the glad hands, press the two seals together with the couplers at a 90 degree angle to each other. The trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". of the danger of making the trailer skid. 10 Most Correct Answers, What Word Rhymes With Goddess? By gradually releasing the air from the connected Tristop or spring brake actuators the hand brake valve enables a controlled deceleration of the vehicle. explanation The trailer hand valve (also called the "trolley valve" or "Johnson bar") works the trailer brakes. Spit valve. Highly desired location for Rehearsal Dinners, Birthday & Retirement Parties, Baby & Bridal Showers for groups up to 100+ guests. The trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes. One must drain the tanks his or herself at the end of each day of driving. The trailer air supply control on newer vehicles is a red eight-sided knob, which you use to control the tractor protection valve. 2. always use the lowest reverse gear. Unfortunately, we just cannot give a good rating. Required fields are marked *. This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. First time we sat on the Party Bar side. Slow down as quickly as possible without skidding. What are the yellow and red button in a truck? Check signposts or signal housing at the crossing for emergency notification information. This is more likely to happen when the trailer is empty or lightly loaded. Don't use it in driving because of the danger of making the trailer skid. The service line is connected to relay valves. Are you looking for an answer to the topic What is a trolly brake?? Service Brake: off; Parking Brake: off; Trailer air supply: in / open; Trolley: applied. I was putting a spike in a truck that was ordered without one and saw all the different plumbing options. CORRECT ANSWER: This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. In CDL School Now Note: On some newer models the park brake button will not pop out automatically. I want to say what a pleasure it has been working with Troy Valve for the last several years. should be used only to test the trailer brakes. The emergency line (also called . The people at Troy Valve always treat you as though you are their best customer. 2. the brakes on the trailer wheels will not respond to the hand brake. When backing under the trailer you should? What is the function of an inversion brake valve? Ashburn Pub (The), 44110 Ashburn Shopping Plaza #196 Ashburn, VA 20147. Or it could be caused by a hose, metal tubing, or other part breaking, letting the air out. Discussion in 'Peterbilt Forum' started by Spence, Nov 11, 2019. The trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. 1. radio in for assistance. It also includes an air-over-hydraulic brake system.Air compressor and governor:The air compressor pumps air into the air storage tanks (reservoirs). If you use the trailer hand brake while driving, you can cause the tailor to skid. There are two types: TRAILER PARTS SUPERSTORE931 S. Chapel St. Newark, Delaware 19713. Loss of air pressure in the emergency line causes the trailer emergency brakes to come on. When the wheels of a trailer lock up, the trailer will tend to swing around. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. EXPLANATION: 5+ Years, Please select ALL of your current, valid drivers licenses. End of the kingpin is even with the top of the fifth wheel LOL, Questions To Truckers From The General Public. The trailer hand valve (also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar. One of the most useful tools for demolition is the burke bar. What is the function of an inversion brake valve? The water and oil tend to collect in the bottom of the air tank. Determine the magnitude and the direction that the current in the upper coil has to have to keep it levitated at the distance 2.00mm2.00 \mathrm{~mm}2.00mm above the lower coil. Do not use it in driving because of the danger of making the trailer skid. 6-11 Months There is ice and snow, to prevent skidding. EASTERN MARINE ~ Trailer Boating, Fishing, Crab Gear. The type of valve "spits" out water and air each time the governor cycles. Cookie Policy | These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The trailer hand valve should only be used when: A INCORRECT The correct answer is: Testing the trailer brakes after hooking up to a trailer. Therefore, it is very important for safety that you use wheel chocks when you park trailers without spring brakes. Now up your study game with Learn mode. Discussion in 'Questions To Truckers From The General Public' started by Jerryb, Jan 2, 2008. The trailer hand valve (also called the "trolley valve" or "Johnson bar") works the trailer brakes. When backing a tractor under a trailer, you should Commercial Photography: How To Get The Right Shots And Be Successful, Nikon Coolpix P510 Review: Helps You Take Cool Snaps, 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Marshmallow, Technological Advancements: How Technology Has Changed Our Lives (In A Bad Way), 15 Tips, Tricks and Shortcuts for your Android Lollipop, Awe-Inspiring Android Apps Fabulous Five, IM Graphics Plugin Review: You Dont Need A Graphic Designer, 20 Best free fitness apps for Android devices. The tractor protection valve will close automatically if air pressure is low (in the range of 20 to 45 psi). Visit www.enable-javascript.com for Which of the following components sets the system cut-in and cut-out pressures? EXPLANATION: Fri 11:00 am12:00 am I Need CDL Training CDL Grad, No Experience But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The tanks will hold enough air to allow the brakes to be used several times even if the compressor stops working. If the trailer is too low, the tractor may strike and damage the trailer nose; if the trailer is too high, it may not couple correctly. CORRECT ANSWER: 2023 Penn-Troy Manufacturing, Inc. All rights reserved. The trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes. I joined the waitlist as a party of 2 and was never called. Change your disability or medical designation, Renew your driver license while out of state, Replace your license or instruction permit, Replace your driver license while out of state, Replace your enhanced driver license (EDL), Check the status of a motorcycle endorsement, Medical certificates and self-certification, Register to be a training provider or instructor, Check the status of a driver license or ID card, Occupational/Restricted Driver License (ORL). Parallel Wine & Whiskey Bar is rated 4.8 stars by 6 OpenTable diners. Explanation The trailer hand valve, also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar, is used to work the trailer brakes. You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings. Without your consent employers will not be able to contact with job offers, would you like to opt-in now? The trolley valve, or trailer hand valve or Johnson bar, operates the trailer brakes on a combination vehicle. 2 Years This will release the truck air brakes. It may have its own oil supply, or be lubricated by engine oil. 2. There is much less danger of causing a skid or jackknife when using just the foot brake. Yes, you can generally book this restaurant by choosing the date, time and party size on OpenTable. The loss of pressure will cause the: There are two things that a driver can do to prevent a roll over. OpenTable is part of Booking Holdings, the world leader in online travel and related services. Parallel offers catering platter pickups, offsite catering as well Food Truck services. Lastly, I'll say that delivery commitments are almost always met or exceeded. 1 Year here: proper way to use trolley brake | SteelSoldiers, A trolley valve Real 2022 DMV Questions, Old Dominion | trolley brake Truckingboards LTL Trucking . It is not used in driving because of the danger of making the trailer skid. 1. the brakes on the trailer wheels caused the skid in the first place. The added chamber contains a powerful coil spring arranged so that the spring force can be applied to the brakes through the normal service chamber pushrod. Using it while a vehicle is in motion could cause a skid. Boring, eh? works like the foot brake but only for just the trailer and isn't meant for use while driving down the road. When the tractor protection valve closes, it stops any air from going out of the tractor. For example, the water can freeze in cold weather and cause brake failure. Two identical coaxial coils of wire of radius 20.0cm20.0 \mathrm{~cm}20.0cm are directly on top of each other, separated by a 2.00-mm gap. Hence the term originally was jouncin bar which over the years morphed into Johnson bar. Severs were going by our table and no server ever stopped at our table. Specialties: At Neighbors Sports Bar & Grill, we are not just a bar, we also have a diverse food menu. The water and oil are automatically expelled from a spit valve. EXPLANATION: Using it while a vehicle is in motion could cause a skid. Lastly, Ill say that delivery commitments are almost always met or exceeded. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. from Bing. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. It does not store any personal data. 3. honk your horn loudly and call 911 or the posted emergency number. If you use the trailer hand brake while driving, you can cause the tailor to skid. You just studied 25 terms! The trailer hand valve (also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar) works the trailer brakes. In addition, the use of an air brake system allows for the incorporation of an emergency braking system that utilizes parts of the service brake and parking brake systems. This will release the trailer brakes. But the brakes will hold only as long as there is air pressure in the trailer air tank. These trailers have no parking brake. Do not use it in driving because of the danger of making the trailer skid. If the compressor has its own oil supply it has to be checked regularly. Back tractor slowly under trailer to avoid hitting the kingpin too hard, and stop when the kingpin is locked into the fifth wheel. Optimizing the steam nozzles used, maintains turbine efficiency during load changes. What is a trolley valve? Using it while the vehicle is being driven could cause a skid. The emergency brakes come on whenever air pressure in the emergency line is lost. Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings. I like this place and would definitely recommend it. Sometimes, metal tags are attached to the lines with the words service and emergency stamped on them. When the tractor protection valve closes, it stops any air from going out of the tractor. Jackknife crash: when a semi-truck trailer skids towards the truck cab at a 90-degree angle. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. instructions to enable JavaScript in your web browser. You have just come across an article on the topic What is a trolly brake?. 8 Why do you need a proportioning valve for panic braking? An older crawler equipped with a johnson bar is the additional lever in the transmission for forward and reverse, which gives you all gears in forward and reverse. This is a neighborhood place for us and we used to like going there. The trailer is at the right height when: How should you test the tractor trailer connection for security? We also have areas to host smaller more intimite groups as well with private bar areas and seating. The tractor protection valve is controlled by the trailer air supply control valve in the cab. If there are no dummy couplers, the glad hands can sometimes be locked together (depending on the couplings). The trailer should be just low enough that it will be raised slightly by the tractor when the tractor backs under it. You may not notice a major leak in the service line until you try to put the brakes on. Images related to the topicAirline Trolley Brake Repair. A turn of the glad hand attached to the hose will join and lock the couplers. CORRECT ANSWER: 1. glad hands Rear drum brakes are hydraulic over mechanical in design. Gladhands are color coded. A cable connected between the handle and brake linkage disengages the brake shoe, allowing each wheel to freely rotate. They are filled by the emergency (supply) line from the tractor. . The owners and the chef were born and raised in Puerto Rico. If you found this article useful, please share it. Air pressure is sent from the air tanks to the brakes by relay valves. Thanks for the help and great craftsmanship on the project! It is needed for two main reasons most vehicles use drum brakes in the rear and all vehicles experience weight transfer during a panic stop. The . Glad hands are coupling devices used to connect the service and emergency air-lines from the truck or tractor to the trailer. What is the difference between hydraulic brakes and air brakes? Dueling Parallel Restaurants with 4 Bars, 2 complete full kitchens and 300 Seats inside and out on our mirroring patios. truckdriver31 Thanks this. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. There are two kinds of service brakes, or the brakes that stop your vehicle while driving: In vehicles, there are two types of Breaks, Hydraulic Brake and Air Brake. Never seen it ordered like that however. The brake adjuster has another function. The trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes. Trailer will be lifted slightly when the tractor backs under it. EXPLANATION: 3 Years You push it in to supply the trailer with air, and pull it out to shut the air off and put on the trailer emergency brakes. When an engineer changed the reverse lever position to notch up or down he had to hang on for dear life! The trailer hand valve is used only to test the trailer brakes. Then, the air loss from the leak will lower the air tank pressure quickly. Without your consent employers will not be able to contact with job offers, would you like to opt-in now? Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. This business is veteran owned. The trailer hand valve should be used only to test the trailer brakes. "The trailer hand valve (also called the trolley valve or Johnson Bar) works the trailer brakes. At the very bottom of the instrument panel is a red button, its next to the steering column and is wired all the way down to the upper part of the transmission and rear drive shaft. These parts are described below. Truck drivers call the lever control for air-operated trailer brakes Johnson bars. During uncoupling, you should disconnect the electrical cable and Please select the number of verifiable months youve been driving professionally using your Class A CDL within the last 3 years. When the emergency line loses pressure, it also causes the tractor protection valve to close (the air supply knob will pop out). The 12 Latest Answer. A trailer is most likely to jackknife when it is Press in the red button labeled Trailer if a trailer is attached. The service brake system applies and releases the brakes when one uses the brake pedal during normal driving. At present, we do not have menu information for this restaurant. It should be used only to test the brakes. The trailer hand valve (also referred to as the trolley valve or Johnson bar) is a mechanism that works the trailer brakes. Every month 400 people find a job with the help of TruckersReport. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It should only be used to test the brakes. 43145 Broadlands Center Plaza, Ashburn, VA 20148, Broadlands Boulevard & Claiborne Parkway, Bar/Lounge, Counter Seating, Entertainment, Happy Hour, Late Night, Non-Smoking, Patio/Outdoor Dining, Reviews can only be made by diners who have eaten at this restaurant. On Caterpillar tractors, the forward/reverse lever is also called a Johnson bar. This questions appears in the following tests: Indiana Combination Minnesota Combination South Carolina Combination Tennessee Combination CORRECT ANSWER: The emergency position is used to shut the air off and put on the trailer emergency brakes. Before you start to uncouple, you must 6.2.1 - Trailer Hand Valve. Manually operated by turning a quarter turn, or by pulling a cable. CORRECT ANSWER: The foot brake sends air to all of the brakes on the vehicle including the trailers. A brake is contained within each rear wheel. What Word Rhymes With Griffin? Next question Close window Sun 10:00 am10:00 pm. . The emergency brake system uses parts of the service and parking brake systems to stop the vehicle in the event of a brake system failure. A pneumatic brake system employing dual-diaphragm, spring-actuated, air-released brake actuators is provided with an inversion valve which, in the event of a brake system failure, prevents the brakes from being automatically applied while permitting controlled brake application by releasing compressed air from each . Is this normal on the new trucks? Compressed air usually has some water and some compressor oil in it. In order for you to receive the best possible offers, please make sure your answers above are accurate prior to submitting. FW Quote Maddog13407 4.7k Location:Upstate Ny Posted December 8, 2014 This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The product of these two values is expressed as the AL factor. This factor, when multiplied by 60 psi air pressure, is the industry standard for braking calculations. 3 What is the purpose of an inversion valve? Older trailers do not have spring brakes. The tractor protection valve keeps air in the tractor or truck brake system should the trailer break away or develop a bad leak. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Always test the trailer brakes before driving with the hand valve or by pulling the air supply (tractor protection valve) control. All they are is, For emergency stops, the stab braking method entails, What Is The Pass Rate For The Florida Real Estate Exam? CDL Combination Practice Test 1 from www.cris, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. Each trailer and converter dolly has one or more air tanks. GeorgiaGeorgia Drivers ManualGeorgia 40-hour Parent/Teen Driving GuideGeorgia Alcohol & Drug Awareness ProgramGeorgia Motorcycle ManualGeorgia Commercial Drivers Manual. A Johnson bar is a hand lever with several distinct positions and a positive latch to hold the lever in the selected position. These are sometimes called Johnson bar brakes. 3. coil it to keep it out of the way. When empty, the very stiff suspension springs and strong brakes give poor traction and make it very easy to lock up the wheels causing the tractor to jackknife. When I apply the trolley valve it locks all my brakes tractor and trailer. This causes the trailer emergency brakes to come on, with possible loss of control. The control valve allows you to open and shut the tractor protection valve. What is trolley brake on tractor trailer? Semi-truck trailers have two brakes on each axle. The brake is automatically engaged when the cart is left unattended. Slack adjusters are mechanical links between the brake-chamber push rod and the camshaft on cam type brakes. The foot brake sends air to all of the brakes on the vehicle (including . In a hydraulic brake system, when the brake pedal is pressed, a pushrod exerts force on the piston(s) in the master cylinder, causing fluid from the brake fluid reservoir to flow into a pressure chamber through a compensating port. Login to License eXpress | Office Locations | Forms, Access to DOL Services | Privacy | Conditions of Use | Copyright 2023. For full functionality of our online services (like tab renewal, address change, renew your professional license, etc. 2. the parking brake valve will pop out. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. ABS, Coupling & Uncoupling & Inspecting , Georgia 40-hour Parent/Teen Driving Guide, Georgia Targeting Aggressive Cars & Trucks (GTACT), Seeing, Communicating & Controlling Speed, Bulk Packaging Marking, Loading & Unloading. The lower coil is on a flat table and has a current iii in the clockwise direction; the upper coil carries an identical current and has a mass of 0.0500kg0.0500 \mathrm{~kg}0.0500kg. The pressure in the service line is controlled by the brake pedal (and the trailer hand brake). Thank you very much. The trolley valve, or trailer hand valve or Johnson bar, operates the trailer brakes on a combination vehicle. Information related to the topic What is a trolly brake? -Spring brakes consist of an additional chamber attached to the rear of a service brake chamber. This type of jackknife is often called a "trailer jackknife." Always use the parking brakes when parking. We have authentic Puerto Rican food that highlights the typical Mofongo. This will prevent water and dirt from getting into the coupler and the air lines. These questions may be on your test. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Never use the hand valve for parking because all the air might leak out unlocking the brakes (in trailers that dont have spring brakes). Most can exert a force of 1,500 to 2,000 lbs. Spence, Nov 11, 2019 #1 + Quote Reply. Always use the parking brakes when parking. Do not use it in driving because of the danger of making the trailer skid. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. The trailer hand valve (also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar) works the trailer brakes. Hang electrical cable with plug down to prevent moisture from entering it. 6-11 Months Thanks. By checking this box and clicking the "Send me job offers" button below, I represent that I: By checking this box and clicking the "Send me job offers" button below. Top 10 Best Answers, What Word Rhymes With Frog? The service line (also called the control line or signal line) carries air, which is controlled by the foot brake or the trailer hand brake. The trailer hand valve, also called the trolley valve or Johnson bar, works the trailer brakes. The trailer should be low enough that it is raised slightly by the tractor when the tractor is backed under it. EXPLANATION: A. supersonic motion. Pry bars, also known as johnson bars, mules, or pry trucks, are designed raise flat heavy loads allowing them to be blocked up or placed on a transport dolly. If the air pressure in the system falls below approximately 70 psi (483 kPa), the spring brakes may begin to drag and if it falls between 20-45 psi (138-310 kPa), will fully apply.

Mahahalagang Kaalaman Tungkol Sa Daigdig, Articles T


trolley valve or johnson bar

trolley valve or johnson bar

trolley valve or johnson bar

trolley valve or johnson bar

Pure2Go™ meets or exceeds ANSI/NSF 53 and P231 standards for water purifiers